The U.S. governments current military assistance goals with Cameroon are to increase: 1) military professionalization, 2) maritime security capabilities, and 3) counterterrorism capabilities. North Macedonia Anti-trafficking actors in all sectors should increase collaboration with the private sector to strengthen anti-trafficking efforts that encourage and support prevention of forced labor in supply chains, especially as companies aim to make up for pandemic-related production disruptions and widespread unemployment drives vulnerability. broad-based law enforcement or developmental initiatives. The use of children in commercial sex is prohibited by law in the United States and most countries around the world. Privacy intrusions are also a concern and occur when information or images about people mistakenly believed to be trafficking victims, or those of actual victims, are shared in connection to conspiracy misinformation or disinformation. Shelly Westebbe When there was an error at the local health clinic, and my blood got mixed up with another persons, I tested false positive for AIDS. Children are also used as sex slaves. The school administrators forced Vicente and the other students to adhere to an exhausting work and academic schedule and threatened deportation and legal action if they failed to comply or skipped a work shift. South Sudan As COVID-19 caused a global economic downturn and increased the number of individuals vulnerable to human trafficking, traffickers adapted their existing tactics to take advantage of the unique circumstances of the pandemic. While human trafficking actors and organizations typically generate illicit proceeds in cash or through the traditional financial system, they sometimes use cryptocurrency. Traffickers, in turn, factor these racial biases and stereotypes into schemes and strategies aimed at reducing their own risk of getting caught while increasing the risk of law enforcement improperly penalizing victims. Other children excel, whether because school is where they feel safe or because they have been conditioned to please adults in their lives or developed resiliency and survival skills early in life. While acknowledging these leaders, we recognize that many of us have also been touched by trauma, whether through loss of a loved one, our own illness, or dealing with large-scale lockdowns and extreme uncertainty. Cote DIvoire The OSCE/UN Women survey demonstrated the overall plight of survivors during the pandemic, noting that access to employment decreased by 85 percent, medical services by 73 percent, social services by 70 percent, legal assistance and access to food and water by 66 percent, psychological assistance by 64 percent, and access to safe accommodation by 63 percent. Korea, South First, child-friendly spaces provide a calm and reassuring physical environment. The Government of Cameroon is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. The report came to the fore last Friday, when the Prime Minister responded to questions in Parliament as to why TT was unable to come off the watch list. Trained customer-facing staff can recognize, document, and report behavioral indicators of human trafficking. 1. Indonesia Furthermore, victims of familial trafficking might not be able to comprehend or identify with the indicators featured in most public awareness and outreach campaigns that share information on how to seek help. The Liechtenstein Initiative for Finance Against Slavery and Trafficking is a public-private partnership launched in September 2018 to respond to calls from the G7, the G20, the UN General Assembly, and the UN Security Council for governments to partner with the private sector to address human trafficking. Yemen. As of April 5, PKO funding was obligated for the Somali National Army and Somali Ministry of Defense for the following activities: logistical support; stipends; advisory support; training; equipment; and program oversight. Rendi McCoy The Human Trafficking Foundation started a Google group, and the Freedom Collaborative initiated a COVID-19 Response Facebook group. Central African Republic Cuba Traffickers can use schemes that take victims hundreds of miles away from their homes, or exploit them in the same neighborhoods where they were born. Second, ensuring that a child feels safe is crucial, which means that the physical space must be easily accessible, ideally through its own entrance and exit, and separates the survivor from the perpetrator to prevent further trauma. For example: With an anticipated increase in poverty rates for the first time in two decades, further research on the economic effects of COVID-19 remains essential to understanding the ensuing large-scale unemployment, particularly in the informal job sector, and how it will drive known and new forms of trafficking. Page 619: Picture Alliance In Kosovo, Terre des Hommes, along with partners, organized and conducted webinars on case management, challenges, and sustainability of delivering services to victims of trafficking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Congo, Republic of the Laura Svat Rundlet A Growing Number of People Experiencing Economic and Social Vulnerabilities. Staff and relevant stakeholders should be able to observe the child from a separate room, where appropriate. It also said the Counter Trafficking Unit the unit responsible for investigating human trafficking cases was also faced with significant challenges. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CONTINUED GROWTH IN THE INTEGRATION PROCESS, Hiring Survivors and Ensuring a Trauma-informed Work Environment, Establishing Administrative Processes for a Trauma-informed Workplace. The FGS agreed on an action plan with the United Nations in 2012 to end the recruitment and use of children by the Somali National Army (SNA). In September 2017, the Borno State government witnessed the signature of, and provided administrative support to help implement, an action plan between the CJTF and the UN to end the CJTFs recruitment and use of children. "Brian and I are proud to renew our commitment in the fight against human trafficking going into 2021," said First Lady Marty Kemp. The kafala systems rules and limitations enable abusive employers to use unscrupulous employment practices that can constitute forced labor; including excessive work hours; retention of passports and travel documents by the employer; non-payment of wages; and physical, psychological, and sexual abuse or threats of abuse. Al-Obaidly and his team have been strategic and persistent in the drive to instill real change, even when the task at hand seemed impossible. Timor-Leste UnderPooles strategic direction, MWLaddressesthe root causes of human trafficking, focusing oncommunitieswhereRoma, migrants, women, and childrenare most vulnerable. Police officers, immigration officers, customs officers and coast guard officers were also included in the extensive network of traffickers of humans in TT. Pursuant to the TVPA, governments of countries on Tier 3 may be subject to certain restrictions on foreign assistance, whereby the President may determine not to provide U.S. government nonhumanitarian, nontrade-related foreign assistance as defined in the TVPA. The multi-faceted challenges generated by the COVID-19 pandemic continue to evolve and expose vulnerability in individuals, as well as systemic gaps. Whether in-person or virtual interviews were held, prosecutors often avoided interviewing the victims multiple times, limiting the ability of investigators to follow-up and confirm details. By Mark P. Lagon and. Page 638: Sara Hylton This waiver will allow the United States to continue to provide the assistance, support, and human rights training necessary to achieve these goals, and to help Iraq build its capacity to conduct effective, sustained counterterrorism operations against ISIS. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. The Government of Thailand issued a Cabinet Resolution in August 2020 that made it easier to obtain new work permits and provided extensions for migrants working in Thailand. Kyrgyz Republic Doing so allowed the organization to continue connecting with potential trafficking victims, now hidden in private apartments and clandestine areas instead of clubs and brothels, which had been ordered to close due to the lockdown along with all other public spaces. The Embassy will continue to collaborate with UNICEF and other NGOs and encourage the government to view them as a resource in the joint effort to eliminate the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. Panama In 2021, the roll out of the module in Field Operations has started. While many countries shifted to conducting court proceedings virtually, limited to no internet connectivity and cost-related barriers to internet access for rural or underserved communities in some countries, such as The Gambia, made it challenging for victims to participate in virtual courts. Traffickers Quickly Adapt and Exploit COVID-19-related Risks. Josiane Lina Bemaka-Soui has developed the Central African Republics national anti-trafficking response from the ground up. Crises disproportionately affect the most vulnerable, exacerbating the conditions for victims of human trafficking and increasing the risk of human trafficking for others. The COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis with unprecedented repercussions for human rights and economic development globally, including in human trafficking. This page shows a sample country narrative. There is a big problem of Black and Brown bodies being treated differently from White bodies. What happens in a private residence is hidden from the worldincluding from law enforcement and labor inspectorsresulting in barriers to victim identification. These dual harms raise the need for additional trainings to teach organizations how to properly incorporate survivor feedback and adopt a comprehensive, trauma-informed approach in practice. 7. Nepal In response to the risks of carrying out in-person research activities in communities that are vulnerable to both COVID-19 and trafficking, Freedom Fund drew on multisectoral best practices and guidance to create criteria for determining whether in-person research during COVID-19 can be safely conducted, as well as health and safety procedures to ensuring safe interactions. Sandy Perez Rousseau These key principles and concepts relate to all forms of trafficking in persons, including forced labor and sex trafficking. Netherlands On World Day Against Trafficking in Persons, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) released new resources aimed at combatting human trafficking and supporting victims. Relevant TT ministries, through the Ministry of National Security, provide input and data about its efforts to counter trafficking by the end of the reporting period on March 31. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Visit disclaimer . PRC officials then defended the facilities as necessary measures to counter terrorism, while also claiming that many of them had already been closed. More than 200 countries have agreed to implement the FATF Recommendations, which require member countries to identify, assess, and understand money laundering and illicit finance risks and to mitigate those risks. Forms of slavery or slavery-like practicesincluding the sale of children, forced or compulsory child labor, and debt bondage and serfdom of childrencontinue to exist, despite legal prohibitions and widespread condemnation. Coercion in the case of sex trafficking includes the broad array of nonviolent means included in the forced labor definition. Due to school closures, some children lacked access to education, shelter, and/or food. Security assistance subject to the CSPA restriction that is currently provided to Nigeria includes IMET, Foreign Military Financing (FMF), PKO, Excess Defense Articles (EDA) and Department of Defense support provided pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Burma In the long term, private-sector collaboration should aim to improve the ability of companies to withstand shocks from crises that could leave portions of their workforce vulnerable to trafficking. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. There were always lies, and it was never as glamorous as we were promised. Page 30: Reuters/Jackson Njehia Because children are dependent on their families for their basic needs, such as food, shelter, and clothing, they are often faced with having basic needs unmet or physical violence if they dont comply with the trafficker. Guinea Casey Risko Qatar The 2021 CSPA List Includes Governments of the Following Countries: Afghanistan This includes conducting awareness raising campaigns when stay-at-home orders remain in place, providing services to identified victims when there are no safe spaces available, and intervening in stalled public justice systems to ensure minimal disruption and deter traffickers from expanding their activities. Liberia The human trafficking of Iranian women and girls has become one of the country's main social crises. In many cases, the photographs of individuals used in this report are not images of confirmed human trafficking victims. Tatum West Access to information and translation services for trafficking victims was also a challenge, as victim support networks reduced services to a minimum. Systemic discrimination creates inequities between communities, whether the discrimination targets perceptions of race, ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender identity, or any other social identities. List of Waivers or Exceptions Exercised under Section 404(a). Adrienne Sgarlato United Kingdom Human trafficking is a heinous crime that exploits the most vulnerable in society. I had grown up in the United States during the AIDS pandemic, hearing the only good [expletive] is a dead one, or it is their punishment for being how they are, they deserve it. My family openly praised my uncles contraction of HIV and waited for his death. We are the unwanted, the forgotten, the lost kids of the streets that no one misses or looks for. Authorities continued to implement these policies in other provinces, targeted other religious minorities under their auspices, and sought the coerced repatriation and internment of religious and ethnic minorities living abroad through the use of surveillance, harassment and threats against them and their family members, and extradition requests. This means that service providers can recognize signs of trauma in individuals and respond by integrating knowledge about trauma into policies, procedures, practices, and settings. any person under 18 years of age who has been compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; iii. Positive connection, the freedom to experience developmentally appropriate activities, and even fun, sometimes for the first time, are healing elements that should be emphasized in these programs. The waiver for IMET assistance will support the professionalization of the Somali military. In India and Nepal, young girls from poor and rural areas were often expected to leave school to help support their families during the economic hardshipsome were forced into marriage in exchange for money, while others were forced to work to supplement lost income. Perpetua Anaele A governments failure to appropriately address public allegations against such public officials, especially once such officials have returned to their home countries, shall be considered inaction under these criteria. Estonia At the same time, human traffickers quickly adapted to capitalize on the vulnerabilities exposed and exacerbated by the pandemic. From there, Joriz exploited Benilda in another form of sex trafficking by forcing her to engage in commercial sex acts at local hotels. Table of Contents: Picture Alliance Survivors also supported broader community responses to COVID-19. This principle aims to protect victims from being held legally responsible for conduct that was not their choice, but rather was driven by their trafficker. This body of information provides a strong foundation from which to learn. Maurice W. Johnson The owner locked the 12-year-old in a dirty room with several other children and forced them to make bangles for 15 hours a day, using lacquer melted over dangerous burning coal and making only US $0.70 a week. Jordan According to the joint survey by OSCE and UN Women, only 24 percent of the 385 anti-trafficking organizations that responded to the survey could remain fully operational during the pandemic. Oman Amy ONeill Richard We paid daily for a bed, for the space at the bar, for the help the bar owners gave us. Other traditional emergency response and support services, such as shelters, hospitals, and clinics, where victims might be identified were overburdened, at reduced capacity, or closed due to COVID-related restrictions or surges. Some survivors had to sell their cell phones to purchase food, further isolating them from potential assistance from case workers. Czech Republic Collaboration between the technology industry and the anti-trafficking field should also be encouraged to promote the development of technologies designed to better support anti-trafficking missions and meet the needs of victims and survivors. There are certain types of forced labor that are frequently distinguished for emphasis or because they are widespread: Domestic servitude is a form of forced labor in which the trafficker requires a victim to perform work in a private residence. First, we must understand the disparities that disproportionately affect Black trafficking survivors. The number of prosecutions of both state and armed group actors for human rights violations and abuses, including unlawful recruitment and use of children, is at an all-time high, as are the number of separations of children from armed groups. Yemen. Senegal Page 45: Adria Malcolm These challenges further compound existing vulnerabilities to exploitation, including human trafficking. Further, a waiver for support provided by the Department of Defense pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Many aligned policies and practices to current realities. Page 57: Getty/Tuul & Bruno Morandi Interpol said authorities rescued about 430 human . Acknowledging the emotional weight of bringing trafficking-related casework into ones home, survivor-led and survivor-informed organizations were mindful of staff needs when managing cases remotely, offering resources and opportunities to support the staffs emotional well-being. Survivors of familial trafficking have a range of responses to the traditional educational system: some are reported to have learning challenges, including illiteracy and processing challenges. Law enforcement officers were unable to conduct proper investigations and interviews with individuals to obtain the necessary evidence to prosecute human trafficking cases. This approach focuses on the needs, healing and empowerment of victims, the spokesman said. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. She also learned she would not have the rent-free apartment he promised. To support survivors in rebuilding their lives and preventing further exploitation, the financial sector can offer account qualification exception programs and low-to-no fee second chance accounts. The President has determined that it is in the national interest of the United States to waive in part the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to Yemen to allow for provision of PKO, IMET, and support provided pursuant to 10 U.S.C. This content often becomes viral on mainstream social media platforms, taking advantage of well-intentioned members of the public, including those who want to take action to make a difference. Georgia FMF has supported Nigerias ability to participate in peacekeeping, counterterrorism and maritime security operations. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). For tips on how to build a survivor-informed organization, please see the NHTTAC toolkit on this topic. Rumors and theories that a global cabal of politicians and celebrities are exploiting children, that companies selling furniture or other high-priced items online are also selling missing children, or that phishing texts are tricking people into human trafficking schemes are all unfounded and perpetuate false narratives about the realities of human trafficking. Laila Mickelwait. The TVPA also authorizes the President to waive these restrictions if necessary to avoid significant adverse effects on vulnerable populations, including women and girls, and children. Providers struggled not only to maintain services for identified individuals, but also to create safe spaces in accordance with capacity and social distancing protocols to allow service provision for future identified individuals. Papua New Guinea India 1107 Addendum to the OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Decision No. Joriz began sexually abusing Benilda on camera, live-streaming it to the internet for money. In an environment with extremely limited access to critical protection services, Cabrera and her office led efforts to secure funding for the creation of three victim shelters in Toluca, Huixquilucan, and Texcoco, which can now house up to 210 victims of trafficking. The following is a product of the Human Trafficking Expert Consultant Network (the Network) funded by the TIP Office. Proactive partnerships between governments, financial institutions, law enforcement, civil society, and survivor experts are critical to identifying illicit financial activity associated with human trafficking. UN Special Rapporteur on Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Ouagadougou Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Especially Women and Children (2006), ASEAN Declaration Against Trafficking in Persons, Particularly Women and Children (2004), ASEAN Senior Officials Meeting on Transnational Crime. Guardian Media Newsroom. The OSCE provides workshops and training to participating States on preventing trafficking in the organizations supply chains, and identifying and protecting trafficking victims. Kelsey Brennan One of the most effective ways to identify broader criminal networks and take the profit out of this crime is to follow the financial trail human traffickers leave behind. They have set up 16 economic empowerment businesses throughout Albania, which aim to decrease womens risk of exploitation by providing opportunities to participate in entrepreneurial projects in tourism, design, and education, among others. In 2020, the Government of Canada launched Project PROTECT to increase awareness of sex trafficking, as well as the quantity and quality of suspicious transaction reporting. Page 11: Picture Alliance Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, a lack of credible and accurate data posed a challenge to effective and efficient anti-trafficking efforts around the world. While Tier 1 is the highest ranking, it does not mean that a country has no human trafficking problem or that it is doing enough to address the crime. The justification for this determination and certification with respect to each country is set forth in this Memorandum. The rebels kidnapped and took Salih and his peers to the Houthi home base. Whether the government of the country has adopted measures to prevent severe forms of trafficking in persons, such as measures to inform and educate the public, including potential victims, about the causes and consequences of severe forms of trafficking in persons, measures to establish the identity of local populations, including birth registration, citizenship, and nationality, measures to ensure that its nationals who are deployed abroad as part of a diplomatic, peacekeeping, or other similar mission do not engage in or facilitate severe forms of trafficking in persons or exploit victims of such trafficking, a transparent system for remediating or punishing such public officials as a deterrent, measures to prevent the use of forced labor or child labor in violation of international standards, effective bilateral, multilateral, or regional information sharing and cooperation arrangements with other countries, and effective policies or laws regulating foreign labor recruiters and holding them civilly and criminally liable for fraudulent recruiting. 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