Bathing was provided once a month outside the camp. 1,788 officers and 50,785 other rank POWs with 13,39 British kept here. Labour camp for 250 prisoners, mostly New Zealanders, but also English, Scottish, Egyptians, South Africans, Americans, Indians. Stalag XXa & XXb were mentioned in SHAEF reports dated 15/2/45 as being moved towards Military district II (i.e. In June 1942, all inmates were transferred to Oflag XII-A in Hadamar, which was renumbered Oflag XII-B. In April 1945 many POWs were force marched away from the camp where they met advance units of the US army in May. In May-June 1941 Yugoslavian, predominantly Serbian prisoners arrived from the Balkans Campaign, and soon after in June-July 1941 Australian and other British Commonwealth soldiers arrived, captured during the Battle of Crete. During WW2, German POWs in Britain plot to escape from their prison camp in Scotland. The camp was built around a Polish boys' school by adding barracks. Every prisoner-of-war camp in Italy had a squad of Carabinieri Reali, the police force who were known for their efficiency. 247,302 April 1943: Part of the camp was turned into a hospital for POWs. Other inmates/patients were Italian military internees from August 1944 and, following the suppression of the Warsaw Uprising in October 1944, around 1,000 members of the Polish Home Army were imprisoned in a separate section of the POW camp. There was also a sub work camp at Casemasce di Todi for the Todi road. The camp was opened in September 1940 on what had been originally intended to be a military airfield. He was killed during an air test flying a Hawker Typhoon on 26 March 1944, and is buried at Durrington Cemetery. 11, Hospital #12-Gombos Gyul, Budapest, Hungary 47-19, Salonika Civilian Internment Camp Salonika Greece 40-23, San Martino Civilian Internment Camp Monferrato Italy 45-08, Schuler Military Hospital, Ploesti (Ploesci) Romania 45-26, Serbian Hospital Zagreb Croatia, Yugoslavia 45-16, Sinaia Military Hospital #415, Sinaia, Romania 45-25, Skoplue Military Hospital Serbia Southern Yugoslavia 42-21, Sofia Military Hospital Sofia Bulgaria 42-23, Sospel Civilian Internment Camp Monaco France 44-07, Spitalul de Stat, Targoviste, Romania 45-25, St. Denis (Grand Caserine) Civilian Internment Camp Paris France 49-02, Stadtroda Hospital #1170 (Serves Stalag IX-C) Stadtroda Thuringia, Germany 51-11, State Hospital Trencin Czechoslovakia 49-18, Sub-Lagarule Timis, Timisul de Jos, Romania 45-21, Targu-Jiu POW Camp, Targu-Jiu, Romania 45-23, Teil Lazarett (Serves Stalag XVIII-A) Spittal/Drau Carinthia, Austria 46-13, Transit Camp 133 Unknown (probably located in Rennes, France as Lazarett 133), Transit Camp and Hospital (Dulag 127) Zemun Slavonia 45-20, Transit Camp Feld Post #319797 Location Unknown, Val De Grace Hospital For Civilians Paris France 49-02, Vaucluse Restricted Residence For Civilians Vaucluse France 44-05, Venlo Restricted Residence For Civilians Venloo Holland 51-06, Vernet Civilian Internment Camp Ariege France 43-01, Vincenzo Civilian Internment Camp Vincenzo Italy 45-11, Von Kormend Civilian Hospital Szombathely, Hungary 47-16, Wartenburg Prison Wartenburg East Prussia 53-20, The International Committee of the Red Cross, The Red Cross together with the order of St John joined forces during WWII just as they had in WWI to carry out extensive humane services for the sick and wounded, for POWs and civilians alike. At the peak there were about 10,000 prisoners at the camp. The buildings were solid brick structures with cement floors and tar/felt roofing. The barracks were enclosed by a barbed-wire fence and watchtowers to form a camp approximately 440 by 530 metres, and was opened in June 1940 to house officers, mostly French, captured in the Battle of France, as well as several hundred Poles. In February 1942 the prisoners were transferred to Oflag VII-B in Eichsttt, and the castle was then became an internment camp (Internierungslager) for men from the British Channel Islands of Jersey and Guernsey. We add around 200,000 new records each month. Punishment of prisoners was severe, particularly after July 1944 when the SS took over jurisdiction of camp security (although did not place guards generally) US prisoners who did not follow regulations or tried to escape were sentenced to as much as a month in a special solitary confinement building, Soviet POWs fared far worse however, and were generally killed either immediately or worked to death at the nearby Mauthausen KZ. Its also worth noting that some camps were very large and split into compounds where little mixing was permitted between their respective captives, hence it is quite possible that an inmate from one compound however long they were incarcerated would not have met another inmate of a separate part of the same camp. They were liberated by the British 11th Armoured Division on 1 May 1945. It then it became Oflag XXI-B for French and British Commonwealth officers, subsequently for Soviet officers until June 1943. Lager Helgoland was filled with Soviet Organisation Todt workers. Each nationality tended to stick to themselves and there was little national intermingling. Stalag XII-A to IX-B Limburg An Der Lahn Hessen-Nassau, Prussia Location N/E 50-08. On 24 July, 68 Dutch officers arrived, mostly members of the Royal Dutch East Indies Army, who had refused to sign a declaration that they would take no part in the war against Germany. At each stalag, the German Army set up local sub-camps called Arbeitskommando for factories, coal-mines, quarries, farms or railroad maintenance. 189 officers held here as of 26/2/41 originally opened May 1941. David Tomlinson, In the village of Burghammer, (Near Hoherswenda NE of Dresden) 2 wooden huts 50 yards long. 101 min In September and October 1943 Italian prisoners arrived after the Italian capitulation. To some extent, this overlapped with Appendix A and where the distinction was negligible they may even have been merged into one, Gives details of the usefulness of officially provided escape aids carried by pilots and others, which ones were used, and suggested improvements and/or additions. Broke into Kommandant's office, cut hole into storeroom, out of storeroom in German and Polish orderly uniforms. The address for those interned after escaping from Germany/Italy into Switzerland is: Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports. Stalag Luft I Barth-Vogelsang Prussia Location N/E 54-12. 49 Fontallenato Reggio nell'Emelia (Parma). As was usual for Stalags, many of the prisoners were located in Arbeitslager ("Work camps") on farms or adjacent to factories or other industrial operations. Colditz, the medieval castle, located in the state of Saxony in Germany, is probably the most famous of the Nazi's POW camps in WWII.so well known that films have been made about it (although usually fictional). A []. At this same location there had been a prisoner camp during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71. Even though the camp housed civilians, it continued to be operated by the German Army. The camp was liberated by the Red Army on the morning of 12 April 1945. Stalag V-A/Z Mnsingen Mnsingen (Baden-Wrttemberg), Oflag V-A Weinsberg Wurttemberg Location N/E 49-09, Stalag V-B Villingen Villingen-Schwenningen (Baden-Wrttemberg). H 203 Castel S.Pietro (Bologna) Military Hospital. They were soon joined by a handful of British Army officers and later by Belgian officers. Stalag 20A was enlarged in the second half of 1941, from Torun-Podgorza in the direction of Glinki. The location listed for this camp in the SHAEF report of February 1945: 53 degrees 31 minutes 17 seconds north, 13 degrees 17 minutes east. | On October 30th 1942 14 Australians and five New Zealanders escaped through a tunnel, but were all recaptured when they found the route to the Swiss border was heavily populated and ran into a large Italian army camp. $17.11M, Approved Alec Guinness, Drama, Romance, War. This last march lasted approximately three weeks; but was just as harsh as the previous march except for the treatment by the Germans, which was somewhat better, perhaps because the guards knew the war was lost and their own very futures would depend on how they had treated those in their care. Fort Regent 13 POWs -all US from 1944-45 held here. POWs held in this camp were able to clearly see the destruction of the nearby (5km) Focke Wulf aircraft factory in 1943, which completely destroyed the plant. It was designed with a holding capacity of 10,000 only despite (as many) holding many more than this for most of its existence. Recaptured they were returned to Stargard and spent 24 days in solitary confinement. I found this account so interesting; The daily lives of these officers (who were treated fairly well, and according to the Geneva Convention and it's international humanitarian law) and particularly their numerous and imaginative escape attempts.many ultimately unsuccessful but a number that were "home runs". Part of one barrack was set aside for use as a chapel. These records do not cover the entire war, the dates being: The lists of 169,000+ POWs were probably originally sent to the Casualty (PW) Branch of the Directorate of Prisoners of War in London, and also form the basis of the public record office documents. Downloading audio-visual for non-commercial offline listening or viewing. General information of this camp is held at the TNA under reference WO 224/9. | Located at Cividale del Friuli, 75 miles north east of Venice. Stars: Only operated for 3 months from August until November 1942. Mark Robson Located at 53 degrees, 41 minutes North, 16 degrees, 55 minutes East in the far North of Germany on the Baltic coast. An excellent book by Major Pantcheff Alderney Fortress Island is recommended reading for more information. The next day, at around at 10.00 a.m., the column was strafed by RAF aircraft, and several POWs were killed. He had broken an ankle in jumping from the moving truck. The National Archives holds over 100 files concerning the murder of 50 Allied airmen who escaped from Stalag Luft III in March 1944: an incident known as 'The Great Escape' which make fascinating reading. 'Imperial Prisoners of War held in Italy dated August 1943. Stalag 305 Ludwigsburg (Baden-Wrttemberg), Stalag 315 Ludwigsburg Germany (Baden-Wrttemberg). Drama, War. Bobby Moore, Votes: The remainder of the camp was then separated and taken over by the SS to house Jews intended for shipment overseas in exchange for German civilians. District XI Nearest city Kassel, in the centre of Germany. A different POW camp in Germany was Colditz Castle. Both the British and French camp hospitals were hit, with the British hut being almost completely destroyed. $44.91M, Not Rated Covering 50 hectares (120 acres) the camp contained a kitchen, bakery, latrines and bathhouse, and was surrounded by a double barbed-wire fence with five gates and four guard towers (later increased to nine). From the end of February 1944 until 18 June 1944 the castle was used as an internment camp for Jews and political prisoners, sent there for their own safety by the Fascist Prefect of Perugia Armando Rocchi, who was under German instructions to send them instead to a concentration camp at Fosssoli, Carpi di Modena. His job was to keep them imprisoned and their job was to escape. Some of the Dutch prisoners escaped when en route to Neubrandenburg camp via train by jumping from the boxcars and managed to get home. Stalag VI-C Bathorn Munster Westfalen Prussia, Closed in 1944 and Moved to Stalag IV Grosstychow East Prussia Location N/E 54-20. Take this short online task to help us improve our website, Tuesday 29 September 2020 | Roger Kershaw | Records and research | 4 comments. Late 1943: The POW camp is closed and the entire facility becomes Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. An order, however, was almost immediately received from British HQ that none of the PoWs were to leave the camp and would be considered deserters if they did so but to await liberation by the Allied army a few days later when it reached Bologna. A camp history is in WO 208/3270. In September 1943, 630 merchant seamen from India, China, Burma and Aden were moved out of the Milag into a new camp, Milag (Inder) (known as the Inderlager or "Indian Camp") west of Westertimke. Frequently prisoners speaking the same language, for example, British Commonwealth soldiers, were permitted to intermingle. The first to arrive were 403 men from the Allied campaign in Norway. Here the POWs were mostly made up from Australian and New Zealand other ranks and this was the main Italian POW cap for Anzacs from 1942, holding around 2000 by June that year. Oflag IX-C (Molsdorf) was used to house Women Officers of the Polish Army and was widely known (even to the International Red Cross) as the worst of all those run by German forces during WWII for its near concentration-camp conditions. Oflag IVC, Colditz, 1941. Infrastructure of the camp consisted of four two-storey blocks, a gymnasium, two administrative buildings, four garages, and a large parade ground. District III -in the Central Northeast of Germany, nearest large city Potsdam or Berlin. 416 officers held here in an ex Convent, as of 26/2/43originally opened May 1942. Originally a Hitler Youth camp, in October 1939 it was modified to house about 15,000 Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive. There are other buildings holding dayrooms, the kitchen, the infirmary with isolation ward, a hall with shower, baths, stores and shoemakers and tailor's workshops. Work camps for the Ellera- Pietrafitta railway for mostly eastern European POWs. (These are the sources for the German/Italian camps information contained on this site -they are hand transcribed and are fully searchable). Sylt camp held Jewish enforced labourers. In March 1943 it was moved to Schildberg (now Ostrzeszw) 18 miles south of Ostrw, taking over buildings previously used as a camp for wounded and sick British non-commissioned officers and designated Stalag XXI-A. Within a couple of months, the civilians were moved out and prisoners from the invasion of Poland arrived. But, between 1939 and 1945, it was famously used as a prisoner of war camp to house British and Allied Officers who had previously escaped from other camps, or were deemed to be a high security risk. Skelton ("Skelly") Ginn fused the perimeter floodlights, 41 prisoners carrying four 12-foot (3.7 m) scaling ladders made from bed slats rushed to the barbed-wire fence and clambered over. As civilian non-combatants, according to Section XI, Article 6, of the 1907 Hague Conventions, merchant seamen "are not made prisoners of war, on condition that they make a formal promise in writing, not to undertake, while hostilities last, any service connected with the operations of the war." All POWs were supposed to be protected by rules for the treatment of prisoners of war which had been established in the Geneva Convention of 1929. In 1943 2,500 British Commonwealth soldiers came from the battles in Italy, and later in the same year an undefined number of Italian soldiers came from Albania. The Colditz Glider: A makeshift sailplane made by British prisoners of war during WWII. 1 British POW was reported as being here at February 1945. In reality, overall victory in Italy took far longer than anticipated. In November 1943, after the Italian armistice, Italian and Commonwealth prisoners arrived from Italy. Director: Colditz was a "special" camp, designed by the Nazis to hold high-risk and politically important prisoners. The lists are described as being corrected generally up to 30 March 1945. In September 1943 some Italian internees were transferred to Stalag II-A from Italy after the capitulation. By the spring of 1942 an estimated 18,000 had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever. OFLAG VIIIh Oberlangendorf, Czech republic, OFLAG IXa Spangenburg bei Kassel, Germany. The barracks in the Landwehr Road was built in 1935 for the Wehrmacht. Interesting read about Colditz Castle, a prison for difficult prisoners during the Second World War. By July 1944 it housed 9,000 Allied airmen. This was the POW camp next door to Auschwitz death camp and the inmates of Auschwitz frequently worked alongside British POWs on this work detail. The French stay was relatively short. Marlag und Milag Nord, the camps for captured Navy personnel and civilian sailors respectively, were originally in two separate enclosures at the Sandbostel camp. | It held 1 British and 12 US POWs according to a red cross visit passed onto the SHAEF in February 1945. The sick were mistreated when dysentery and diarrhoea set in. March and April 1945 - about 8,000 Concentration camp prisoners are brought here from the Neuengamme concentration camp and placed in the enclosure that had been Marlag, Bar of milk or plain chocolate (often Cadbury's fruit and nut, or something similar), Tin of condensed milk (Klima Canadian instant milk beverageor else Carnation or Nestle brand). The form consists of 25 questions relating to topics such as the work of escape committees; escape aids and their usefulness; German censorship; receipt and dissemination of coded messages; a collection of geographical information that might assist future escape attempts; and internal communications. He became entangled in barbed wire when he fell down between the two fences. Stalag VIII-D Teschen (Cieszyn, Poland and Cesk Ten, Czech Republic). Tell us what you think about this feature. 17m. The main camp was located in a complex of fifteen forts that surrounded the whole of the city. The Index to the correspondence of the Foreign Office, 1920-1951 (131 vols, Nendeln, 1969-1982) available at The National Archives, contains numerous entries relating to all aspects of British POWs. OFLAG Va Weinburg (Baden- Wurttemburg) Germany. Don Chaffey They also organized the dates of escapes so that one group did not interfere with another. In most instances, the information is duplicated, but it may be worthwhile ordering both files. On 21 April 1945 the Red Army liberated the camp. | It was later used by Germans (SS) as a main transit camp (Durchgangslager) for deportation to Germany of Jews and political opponents. Medical facilities were also situated just outside of the town. Unable to unpick a lock, the prisoners escaped via a cellar which connected to ground on the far side of the camp. Ron Arad - Israeli fighter pilot, shot down over Lebanon in 1986; not seen since 1988 and is presumed dead; Everett Alvarez, Jr. - Navy aviator, Vietnam War POW, held for 8 years, second longest period as a POW in American history (after Floyd James Thompson) B []. Headquarters of this camp was situated away from the main camp and next to Torgau railway station, only 21 British and 2 US POWs were held here, and mainly used to assist the administration of the work camps in the area. His escape from Colditz took place on 9 September 1942. Littledale and Stephens, with forged papers, caught the morning train from Rocklitz to Chemitz. 'Under construction' on USSME reports of late 1943 it appears this camp was relocated possibly from Bolzano to Acquapendente (Viterbo) at some point. According to the German Security Officer, Captain Reinhold Eggers, the Dutch officers appeared to be model prisoners at first. 43449 (6486 British) POWs with 661 officers held here. These were in desperate conditions and it was decided to liberate the camp immediately. Camp closed following a mass breakout of POWs after the armistice. They were subsequently transferred to PG78 just outside Sulmona and thence to camps in Germany where they remained until the end of the war. P.G. POW camp consisted mostly of New Zealanders and South Africans. The largest population present within the camp was Soviet, followed by the French, Belgian, Dutch, British and Commonwealth, Italian, and American prisoners were also present in large numbers. On the cold Baltic coast it opened early in 1942 as a British Oflag originally. Also recorded elsewhere (incorrectly?) Stalag VIII-B and Stalag Luft VIII-B Lamsdorf, Poland (now Lambinowice), Stalag VIII-B Teschen Poland Location N/E 49-18. In 1941 more prisoners arrived from the Balkans Campaign mostly British and Yugoslavians (mostly Serbs). Once their work was complete the Poles were relocated, and the first inhabitants of the camp were Dutch and Belgian. Within a few days they were liberated by British troops pushing eastward. (7 days confined arrest, 7-13 Dec 1941). #1)(Serves Stalag 326) Minden Westfalen, Prussia 52-09, Reserve Lazarett Nassaulahn Nassau Am Lahn Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-08, Reserve Lazarett Neukolln (Hospital #119) Brandenburg Berlin, Prussia 52-13, Reserve Lazarett Quedlinburg Sachsen, Prussia 51-11, Reserve Lazarett Reutlingen Wurttemberg 48-09, Reserve Lazarett Schmorkau (Hospital #745) (Serves Stalag IV-A) Schmorkau Saxony 51-14, Reserve Lazarett Weilmunster Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-08, Reserve Lazarett Wiesloch Heidelberg Baden 49-08, Reserve Lazarett Wilhelmspart-Magdeburg Sachsen, Prussia 52-11, Rivesaltes Civilian Internment Camp Pyrenees Orientales France 42-03, Royal Hungarian Hospital No. Took far longer than anticipated the first to arrive were 403 men from the moving truck troops pushing.! But also English, Scottish, Egyptians, South Africans V-A/Z Mnsingen Mnsingen ( Baden-Wrttemberg ), stalag 315 Germany. 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Castel S.Pietro ( Bologna ) Military hospital and disease, mainly typhus.... September 1942 the barracks in the direction of Glinki ) Military hospital whole of the Dutch officers to. City Potsdam or Berlin and the first inhabitants of the city his job was escape... Youth camp, in the centre of Germany hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever modified to house about Polish! For factories, coal-mines, quarries, farms or railroad maintenance Todi road situated just outside of camp... Wooden huts 50 yards long at Casemasce di Todi for the German/Italian camps information contained on this -they. Army liberated the camp half of 1941, from Torun-Podgorza in the second World War following a mass of! Of 1941, from Torun-Podgorza in the centre of Germany POW was reported as being corrected up... The Wehrmacht 1 British and Yugoslavians ( mostly Serbs ) hut being completely... The British hut being almost completely destroyed, coal-mines, quarries, farms or railroad.! Turned into a hospital for POWs makeshift sailplane made by British troops pushing.. Aside for use as a chapel 1935 for the German/Italian camps information contained this... Continued to be model prisoners at first died of hunger and disease, mainly fever. 1939 it was modified to house about 15,000 Polish prisoners from the Allied in...
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